Rashin juriya na insulin yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin cututtuka na cututtukan hanta marasa shan taba (NAFLD) .Da yawa karatu sun kimanta ƙungiyar tabitamin Dkari tare da juriya na insulin a cikin marasa lafiya tare da NAFLD. Sakamakon da aka samu har yanzu yana zuwa tare da sakamako masu karo da juna. Manufar wannan binciken shine don kimanta tasirin ƙarin maganin bitamin D akan inganta juriya na insulin a cikin marasa lafiya tare da NAFLD. An samo littattafai masu dacewa daga PubMed, Google Masanin kimiyya, COCHRANE da kuma bayanan kimiyya kai tsaye. An yi nazarin binciken da aka samu ta hanyar amfani da ƙayyadaddun sakamako ko samfurori na bazuwar.Vitamin Dkari ya inganta juriya na insulin a cikin marasa lafiya tare da NAFLD, alama ta hanyar ragewa a cikin Ƙimar Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Insulin (HOMA-IR), tare da bambancin ma'anar -1.06 (p = 0.0006; 95% CI -1.66 zuwa -0.45). Kariyar bitamin D ya karu matakan bitamin D na jini tare da ma'anar bambanci na 17.45 (p = 0.0002; 95% CI 8.33 zuwa 26.56).Vitamin Dkari ya rage matakan ALT tare da ma'anar ma'anar ma'anar -4.44 (p = 0.02; 95% CI -8.24 zuwa -0.65) .Ba a sami wani tasiri ba akan matakan AST. Kariyar bitamin D yana da tasiri mai amfani akan inganta juriya na insulin a cikin marasa lafiya na NAFLD. kari na iya rage HOMA-IR a cikin irin waɗannan marasa lafiya. Ana iya amfani da shi azaman yuwuwar jiyya ga marasa lafiya na NAFLD.
Cutar cututtukan hanta mara shan giya (NAFLD) rukuni ne na cututtukan hanta masu alaƙa da kitse1. Yana da alaƙa da tarin tarin triglycerides a cikin hepatocytes, sau da yawa tare da aikin necroinflammatory da fibrosis (steatohepatitis) 2. Zai iya ci gaba zuwa steatohepatitis mara maye (NASH), fibrosis da cirrhosis.NAFLD ana daukarsa a matsayin babban abin da ke haifar da ciwon hanta na yau da kullum kuma yawancinsa yana karuwa, an kiyasta a kashi 25% zuwa 30% na manya a kasashen da suka ci gaba3,4. Juriya na insulin, kumburi, da damuwa na oxidative ana tunanin su ne manyan abubuwan da ke haifar da cutar. Rahoton da aka ƙayyade na NAFLD1.
Hanyoyin cututtuka na NAFLD yana da alaƙa da alaƙa da juriya na insulin.Bisa ga mafi yawan samfurin "hit-hit hypothesis" mafi girma, juriya na insulin yana shiga cikin tsarin "farko na farko". hepatocytes, inda aka yi la'akari da juriya na insulin shine babban abin da ke haifar da ci gaban ciwon hanta. kumburi da fibrosis.Samar da proinflammatory cytokines, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, da lipid peroxidation suma abubuwan da za su iya taimakawa wajen ci gaban ciwon hanta, ya ƙunshi adipokines.
Vitamin D shine bitamin mai narkewa mai narkewa wanda ke daidaita kasusuwa homeostasis.An binciko rawar da yake takawa a cikin nau'ikan yanayin kiwon lafiya marasa skeletal irin su ciwo na rayuwa, juriya na insulin, kiba, nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 da cututtukan da ke da alaƙa da jijiyoyin jini. Kwanan nan, a manyan shaidun kimiyya sun bincika alaƙar da ke tsakanin bitamin D da NAFLD. Vitamin D an san shi don daidaita juriya na insulin, kumburi na kullum da fibrosis.Saboda haka, bitamin D na iya taimakawa wajen hana ci gaban NAFLD6.
Yawancin gwaje-gwajen da bazuwar bazuwar (RCTs) sun kimanta tasirin kariyar bitamin D akan juriya na insulin. Duk da haka, sakamakon da aka samu har yanzu ya bambanta;ko dai yana nuna tasiri mai amfani akan juriya na insulin ko kuma rashin nuna wani amfani7,8,9,10,11,12,13.Duk da sakamakon rikice-rikice, ana buƙatar nazarin meta-bincike don tantance yawan tasirin bitamin D. an yi su a baya14,15,16.A meta-bincike ta Guo et al. Ciki har da nazarin shida da ke kimanta tasirin bitamin D akan juriya na insulin yana ba da shaida mai mahimmanci cewa bitamin D na iya samun tasiri mai amfani akan ji na insulin14. Duk da haka, wani meta- bincike ya haifar da sakamako daban-daban. Pramono et al15 sun gano cewa ƙarin maganin bitamin D ba shi da wani tasiri a kan fahimtar insulin. Yawan jama'a da aka haɗa a cikin binciken sun kasance batutuwa tare da ko kuma suna cikin hadarin juriya na insulin, ba waɗanda aka yi niyya na musamman don NAFLD.Wani binciken na Wei et al. ., ciki har da bincike guda hudu, sun yi irin wannan binciken. Ƙarin bitamin D bai rage HOMA IR16 ba. Yin la'akari da duk bayanan da aka yi a baya game da amfani da bitamin D don maganin insulin, wani sabuntawa.Ana buƙatar ted meta-bincike tare da ƙarin wallafe-wallafen da aka sabunta. Manufar wannan binciken shine don kimanta tasirin karin bitamin D akan juriya na insulin.
Ta hanyar yin amfani da dabarun bincike na sama, mun sami jimlar karatun 207, kuma bayan ƙaddamarwa, mun sami labaran 199. Mun cire labaran 182 ta hanyar nuna sunayen sarauta da abstractions, barin jimlar 17 da suka dace. Nazarin da ba su samar da duk bayanan ba. da ake buƙata don wannan meta-bincike ko kuma wanda cikakken rubutun ba a samuwa ba an cire shi.Bayan dubawa da ƙima mai kyau, mun sami labarai guda bakwai don nazarin tsarin yau da kullum da kuma nazarin meta-bincike.Tsarin kwarara na binciken PRISMA yana nunawa a cikin Hoto 1. .
Mun haɗa da cikakkun abubuwan da aka rubuta na gwaje-gwajen da bazuwar bazuwar bazuwar (RCTs) guda bakwai. Shekarun da aka buga na waɗannan labaran sun kasance daga 2012 zuwa 2020, tare da jimlar 423 samfurori a cikin ƙungiyar shiga tsakani da 312 a cikin ƙungiyar placebo. Ƙungiyar gwaji ta sami daban-daban. allurai da tsawon lokaci na kariyar bitamin D, yayin da ƙungiyar kulawa ta karɓi placebo. An gabatar da taƙaitaccen sakamakon binciken da halayen binciken a cikin Table 1.
An yi la'akari da haɗarin rashin son zuciya ta amfani da hanyar haɗin gwiwar Cochrane. Dukkan batutuwa bakwai da aka haɗa a cikin wannan binciken sun wuce ƙimar inganci.Cikakken sakamakon haɗarin rashin tausayi ga duk abubuwan da aka haɗa an nuna su a cikin Hoto 2.
Kariyar Vitamin D yana inganta juriya na insulin a cikin marasa lafiya tare da NAFLD, wanda aka kwatanta da ragewar HOMA-IR.Bisa akan samfurin sakamako na bazuwar (I2 = 67%; χ2 = 18.46; p = 0.005), ma'anar ma'anar ma'anar bambanci tsakanin karin bitamin D kuma babu bitamin. D kari shine -1.06 (p = 0.0006; 95% CI -1.66 zuwa -0.45) (hoton 3).
Dangane da samfurin bazuwar-sakamako (Hoto 4), ma'anar ma'anar da aka haɗa a cikin maganin bitamin D bayan kariyar bitamin D shine 17.45 (p = 0.0002; 95% CI 8.33 zuwa 26.56) . Bisa ga bincike, karin bitamin D zai iya ƙara yawan karuwar. Serum bitamin D matakin ta 17.5 ng / mL. A halin yanzu, tasirin bitamin D a kan hanta enzymes ALT da AST ya nuna sakamako daban-daban. Ƙarin bitamin D ya rage matakan ALT tare da ma'anar ma'anar -4.44 (p = 0.02; 95% CI -8.24 zuwa -0.65) (Hoto 5) (Hoto 5) . Duk da haka, ba a lura da wani tasiri ga matakan AST ba, tare da ma'anar ma'anar ma'anar -5.28 (p = 0.14; 95% CI - 12.34 zuwa 1.79) dangane da samfurin sakamako na bazuwar ( Hoto 6).
Canje-canje a cikin HOMA-IR bayan kariyar bitamin D ya nuna nau'i mai yawa (I2 = 67%). Meta-regression nazari na hanyar gudanarwa (na baka ko na ciki), ci (yau da kullum ko ba kullum), ko tsawon lokaci na karin bitamin D (≤ Makonni 12 da> 12 makonni) suna ba da shawarar cewa yawan amfani da shi na iya bayyana bambancin (Table 2) .Duk wani binciken da Sakpal et al.11 ya yi amfani da hanyar da ake amfani da shi ta hanyar magana ta baki. Cin abinci na yau da kullum na bitamin D da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin bincike guda uku7,8,13. Ƙarin nazarin hankali ta hanyar nazarin sauye-sauye a HOMA-IR bayan karin bitamin D ya nuna cewa babu wani binciken da ke da alhakin. bambancin canje-canje a cikin HOMA-IR (Fig. 7).
Sakamakon da aka tattara na meta-bincike na yanzu ya gano cewa ƙarin maganin bitamin D na iya inganta juriya na insulin, alamar da aka rage ta HOMA-IR a cikin marasa lafiya tare da NAFLD.Hanyar gudanar da bitamin D na iya bambanta, ta hanyar allura na intramuscular ko ta baki. .Ƙarin bincike game da tasirinsa akan inganta juriya na insulin don fahimtar canje-canje a cikin jini ALT da matakan AST. An sami raguwa a cikin matakan ALT, amma ba matakan AST ba, saboda ƙarin karin bitamin D.
Abun da ke faruwa na NAFLD yana da alaƙa da alaƙa da juriya na insulin. Ƙara yawan fatty acid (FFA), kumburin adipose nama, da rage adiponectin suna da alhakin haɓaka juriya na insulin a cikin NAFLD17. Serum FFA yana da girma a cikin marasa lafiya na NAFLD, wanda daga baya ya canza. zuwa triacylglycerol ta hanyar hanyar glycerol-3-phosphate. Wani samfurin wannan hanyar shine ceramide da diacylglycerol (DAG) .DAG an san cewa yana shiga cikin kunna furotin kinase C (PKC), wanda zai iya hana mai karɓar insulin threonine 1160, wanda ke da alaƙa da rage juriya na insulin.Kumburi na adipose nama kuma yana ƙaruwa a cikin cytokines na proinflammatory irin su interleukin-6 (IL-6) da ƙari necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) kuma suna ba da gudummawa ga juriya na insulin.As ga adiponectin, yana iya ingantawa. hanawa na fatty acid beta-oxidation (FAO), amfani da glucose da kuma hadawar fatty acid. An rage matakansa a cikin marasa lafiya na NAFLD, ta haka yana inganta deve.lopment na insulin juriya.Dangane da bitamin D, mai karɓar bitamin D (VDR) yana cikin ƙwayoyin hanta kuma yana da tasiri wajen rage matakan kumburi a cikin cututtukan hanta na kullum.Ayyukan VDR yana ƙara haɓakar insulin ta hanyar daidaitawa FFA. Bugu da ƙari, bitamin. D yana da anti-mai kumburi da anti-fibrotic Properties a cikin hanta19.
Shaidu na yanzu sun nuna cewa rashi na bitamin D na iya shiga cikin pathogenesis na cututtuka da yawa. Wannan ra'ayi yana da gaskiya ga haɗin kai tsakanin rashi bitamin D da insulin juriya20,21. Vitamin D yana yin rawar da zai iya ta hanyar hulɗa tare da VDR da bitamin D metabolizing enzymes. Wadannan na iya kasancewa a cikin nau'o'in sel da yawa, ciki har da ƙwayoyin beta na pancreatic da ƙwayoyin amsawar insulin irin su adipocytes.Ko da yake ainihin hanyar da ke tsakanin bitamin D da juriya na insulin ya kasance marar tabbas, an nuna cewa adipose tissue na iya shiga cikin tsarin sa. Babban kantin sayar da bitamin D a cikin jiki shine adipose tissue.Yana kuma aiki a matsayin muhimmin tushen adipokines da cytokines kuma yana da hannu wajen samar da kumburi na tsarin. Shaida na yanzu sun nuna cewa bitamin D yana daidaita abubuwan da suka shafi ƙwayar insulin daga ƙwayoyin beta na pancreatic.
An ba da wannan shaida, karin bitamin D don inganta haɓakar insulin a cikin marasa lafiya na NAFLD yana da kyau. Rahotanni na baya-bayan nan sun nuna tasiri mai amfani na karin bitamin D akan inganta haɓakar insulin. Yawancin RCTs sun ba da sakamako masu rikitarwa, suna buƙatar ƙarin kimantawa ta hanyar nazarin meta. meta-bincike ta Guo et al.Tattaunawa da tasirin bitamin D akan juriya na insulin yana ba da shaida mai mahimmanci cewa bitamin D na iya samun tasiri mai amfani akan ji na insulin.Sun sami raguwa a HOMA-IR na -1.32;95%. insulin hankali a cikin batutuwa tare da juriya na insulin ko haɗarin juriya na insulin ya nuna cewa ƙarin bitamin D Insulin hankali ba shi da wani tasiri, daidaitaccen ma'anar ma'anar -0.01, 95% CI -0.12, 0.10;p = 0.87, I2 = 0% 15. Duk da haka, ya kamata a lura cewa yawan mutanen da aka tantance a cikin meta-bincike sune batutuwa tare da ko kuma suna cikin hadarin juriya na insulin (kiba, kiba, prediabetes, ciwon ovary polycystic [PCOS] da nau'in nau'i mai rikitarwa. 2 ciwon sukari), maimakon marasa lafiya na NAFLD15. Wani bincike-bincike na Wei et al. An kuma samu irin wannan binciken. = 0.380, 95% CI - 0.162, 0.923; p = 0.169) 16. Kwatanta duk bayanan da aka samo, tsarin bita na yau da kullum da meta-bincike yana ba da ƙarin rahotanni na karin bitamin D yana inganta haɓakar insulin a cikin marasa lafiya na NAFLD, kama da meta-bincike. by Guo et al.Ko da yake an gudanar da irin wannan nazarin meta-bincike, nazarin meta-bincike na yanzu yana ba da wallafe-wallafen da aka sabunta wanda ya ƙunshi ƙarin gwaje-gwajen da bazuwar bazuwar kuma don haka ya ba da shaida mai ƙarfi game da tasirin karin bitamin D akan insulin r.misali.
Ana iya bayyana tasirin bitamin D akan juriya na insulin ta hanyar rawar da yake takawa a matsayin mai yuwuwar mai sarrafa ƙwayar insulin da matakan Ca2+.Calcitriol na iya haifar da ɓoyewar insulin kai tsaye saboda sinadarin bitamin D (VDRE) yana cikin mai tallata insulin gene wanda ke cikin pancreatic. Kwayoyin beta. Ba wai kawai rubutun kwayoyin halittar insulin ba, amma kuma VDRE an san shi don tayar da kwayoyin halitta daban-daban da suka danganci samuwar cytoskeleton, haɗin gwiwar intracellular, da ci gaban sel na ƙwayoyin cβ pancreatic. Hakanan an nuna bitamin D yana shafar juriya na insulin ta hanyar daidaitawar Ca2+ flux.Tun da calcium yana da mahimmanci ga yawancin tsarin tafiyar da insulin-tsakanin intracellular a cikin tsoka da adipose nama, bitamin D na iya shiga cikin tasirinsa akan juriya na insulin.Mafi kyawun matakan Ca2 + na ciki ya zama dole don aikin insulin.Nazarin sun gano cewa rashi bitamin D yana haifar da rashin lafiya. ƙara yawan adadin Ca2 +, wanda ya haifar da raguwar ayyukan GLUT-4, wanda ke rinjayar juriya na insulin26,27.
An kara nazarin tasirin bitamin D akan inganta haɓakar insulin don nuna tasirinsa akan aikin hanta, wanda aka nuna a cikin canje-canje a cikin matakan ALT da AST. An lura da raguwa a cikin matakan ALT, amma ba matakan AST ba, saboda ƙarin bitamin D. Karin bayani.A meta-bincike ta Guo et al. ya nuna raguwar iyaka a matakan ALT, ba tare da wani tasiri a kan matakan AST ba, kama da wannan binciken14.Wani nazarin meta-analysis na Wei et al.2020 kuma ya sami wani bambanci a cikin serum alanine aminotransferase. da aspartate aminotransferase matakan tsakanin bitamin D supplementation da placebo kungiyoyin.
Binciken na yau da kullum da kuma nazarin meta-bincike kuma suna jayayya da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun bayanai na yanzu na iya rinjayar sakamakon da aka samu a cikin wannan binciken.Hanyoyin na gaba ya kamata su magance yawan adadin karatu da batutuwa da ke tattare da yin la'akari da karin bitamin D don juriya na insulin, musamman maƙasudin yawan mutanen NAFLD, da kuma haɗin kai na binciken. Wani abin da za a yi la'akari shi ne nazarin wasu sigogi a cikin NAFLD, irin su tasirin bitamin D a cikin marasa lafiya na NAFLD akan sigogi masu kumburi, aikin NAFLD (NAS) da hanta hanta. A ƙarshe, ƙarin ƙarin Vitamin D ya inganta tsayayya da marasa lafiya a cikin marasa lafiya tare da Nafred, ana iya amfani da shi azaman maganin adjimt.
Ana ƙayyade ma'auni na cancanta ta hanyar aiwatar da manufar PICO. Tsarin da aka kwatanta a cikin Table 3.
Bita na yau da kullum da kuma meta-bincike ya haɗa da duk nazarin har zuwa Maris 28, 2021, kuma yana ba da cikakken rubutu, kimanta ƙarin kulawar bitamin D a cikin marasa lafiya tare da NAFLD. Rubuce-rubuce tare da rahotanni na shari'a, nazarin ƙididdiga da tattalin arziki, sake dubawa, cadavers da nau'in jiki. An cire su daga binciken na yanzu. Duk labaran da ba su samar da bayanan da ake buƙata don gudanar da nazarin meta-bincike na yanzu ba kuma an cire su.Don hana kwafin samfurin, an kimanta samfurori don labaran da marubucin ya rubuta a cikin wannan ma'aikata.
Binciken ya haɗa da nazarin tsofaffin marasa lafiya na NAFLD da ke karbar maganin bitamin D. An yi la'akari da juriya na insulin ta hanyar amfani da Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR).
Sashin da aka yi nazari shine tsarin kulawar bitamin D. Mun haɗa da nazarin da aka yi amfani da bitamin D a kowane nau'i, ta kowane hanyar gudanarwa, da kuma kowane lokaci. .
Babban sakamakon da aka bincika a cikin bita na yau da kullum da meta-bincike shine juriya na insulin. A wannan batun, mun yi amfani da HOMA-IR don ƙayyade juriya na insulin a cikin marasa lafiya. Sakamakon na biyu ya haɗa da matakan bitamin D na jini (ng / mL), alanine aminotransferase (ALT). (IU / l) da aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (IU / l) matakan.
Cire Sharuɗɗan Cancanta (PICO) cikin kalmomi masu mahimmanci ta amfani da ma'aikatan Boolean (misali OR, AND, NOT) da duk fannoni ko sharuɗɗan MeSH (Jigon Jigon Jiki). injuna don nemo mujallu masu cancanta.
Mawallafa uku (DAS, IKM, GS) ne suka gudanar da tsarin zaɓin binciken don rage yiwuwar cire yiwuwar binciken da ya dace.Lokacin da rashin jituwa ya taso, ana la'akari da yanke shawara na farko, na biyu da na uku. records.Title da abstract screening da aka yi don ware nazarin da ba su da mahimmanci. Bayan haka, an kara nazarin binciken da suka wuce kima na farko don tantance ko sun cika ka'idojin haɗawa da ƙaddamarwa don wannan bita.
Duk mawallafa sun yi amfani da fom ɗin tattara bayanan lantarki don tattara bayanan da ake buƙata daga kowane labarin. Bayan haka an tattara bayanan kuma an sarrafa su ta amfani da Manajan Binciken software 5.4.
Abubuwan bayanai sune sunan marubuci, shekarar bugawa, nau'in binciken, yawan jama'a, adadin bitamin D, tsawon lokacin gudanar da bitamin D, girman samfurin, shekaru, tushen HOMA-IR, da matakan bitamin D na asali. Meta-bincike na ma'anar bambance-bambance a cikin HOMA-IR kafin da kuma bayan gudanarwar bitamin D an yi shi tsakanin magunguna da ƙungiyoyi masu sarrafawa.
Don tabbatar da ingancin duk labaran da suka dace da ka'idojin cancanta don wannan bita, an yi amfani da kayan aiki mai mahimmanci na ƙima.Wannan tsari, wanda aka tsara don rage girman yiwuwar zaɓen binciken, an yi shi da kansa ta hanyar marubuta biyu (DAS da IKM).
Babban kayan aikin tantancewa da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin wannan bita shine haɗarin hanyar haɗin kai na Cochrane.
Pooling da nazarin ma'anar bambance-bambance a cikin HOMA-IR tare da kuma ba tare da bitamin D a cikin marasa lafiya tare da NAFLD. Bisa ga Luo et al., Idan an gabatar da bayanan a matsayin tsaka-tsaki ko kewayon Q1 da Q3, yi amfani da kalkuleta don ƙididdige ma'anar. da Wan et al.28,29 Girma masu tasiri suna ba da rahoto a matsayin ma'anar bambance-bambance tare da 95% intervals intervals (CI) .An yi nazari ta amfani da samfurori masu mahimmanci ko bazuwar. saboda bambanci a cikin sakamako na gaskiya, tare da dabi'u> 60% yana nuna mahimmanci mai mahimmanci. Idan nau'i-nau'i ya kasance> 60%, an yi amfani da ƙarin nazarin ta hanyar amfani da meta-regression da kuma nazarin hankali. (binciken daya a lokaci guda an share shi kuma an sake maimaita bincike) .p-darajar <0.05 an yi la'akari da mahimmanci. An yi nazarin meta-bincike ta amfani da Manajan Bita na software 5.4, an gudanar da nazarin hankali ta amfani da fakitin software na ƙididdiga (Stata 17.0) don Windows), kuma an yi meta-regressions ta amfani da Integrated Meta-Analysis Software Version 3.
Wang, S. et al.Vitamin D supplementation a cikin maganin cututtukan hanta mai ƙiba a cikin nau'in ciwon sukari na 2: ka'idoji don nazari na yau da kullun da meta-analysis.Medicine 99(19), e20148.https://doi.org/10.1097 /MD.0000000000020148 (2020).
Barchetta, I., Cimini, FA & Cavallo, MG Vitamin D supplementation da cututtukan hanta mai kitse ba tare da barasa ba: yanzu da na gaba. Nutrient 9 (9), 1015. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9091015 (2017).
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Vernon, G., Baranova, A. & Younossi, ZM Tsare-tsare bita: Cutar cututtuka da tarihin halitta na cututtukan hanta mai kitse da marasa shan giya da steatohepatitis na manya. doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.2011.04724.x (2011).
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Iruzubieta, P., Terran, Á., Crespo, J. & Fabrega, E. Vitamin D rashi a cikin ciwon hanta na kullum. Duniya J. Cutar Hanta.6 (12), 901-915.https://doi.org/ 10.4254/wjh.v6.i12.901 (2014).
Amiri, HL, Agah, S., Mousavi, SN, Hosseini, AF & Shidfar. ), 631-638 (2016).
Bachetta, I. et al. Maganin bitamin D na baka ba shi da wani tasiri a kan cututtukan hanta maras shayarwa a cikin marasa lafiya da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2: bazuwar, makafi biyu, gwajin gwajin wuribo.BMC Medicine.14, 92. https://doi .org/10.1186/s12916-016-0638-y (2016).
Foroughi, M., Maghsoudi, Z. & Askari, G. Tasirin karin bitamin D akan alamomi daban-daban na glucose na jini da kuma juriya na insulin a cikin marasa lafiya masu ciwon hanta mai kitse (NAFLD).Iran.J.Nurse.Midwifery Res 21(1), 100-104.https://doi.org/10.4103/1735-9066.174759 (2016).
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